New IJM now accepts submissions exclusively via the Editorial Scholar portal — a dedicated submission & review system.
Go to Editorial Scholar →
Associated Management Consultants Pvt. Ltd. | COPE Member · ID: JM07589
Scopus Q3 UGC-CARE ABDC: C |
Indian Journal of Marketing logo

Indian Journal of Marketing

ISSN: 0973-8703 Frequency: Monthly Peer Review: Double-blind Published since: 1968 Language: English
A publication of AMCPL
amcon.co.in
New Delhi, India
Indexed in: Scopus Q3 UGC-CARE Group II ABDC: C Google Scholar J-Gate NAAS NISCAIR Crossref

Original Article

Open Access Original Article

Mediating Effect of Subjective Norms in the Relationship Between Attitude and Online Purchase Decision

Patricia Pilar Zirena-Bejarano1Elbia Myreyle Chávez Zirena2

1 Professor, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa

2 Bachelor, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa

Volume 53
Issue 7
Pages 30–45
Year 2023
Received: Aug. 2, 2022 Accepted: April 30, 2023 Published: July 1, 2023
Abstract

Purpose: This study addressed the need for literature on the factors influencing consumer attitudes while making online purchase decisions. Specifically, the research aimed to determine the influence of subjective norms on the relationship between attitudes and online purchase decisions.

Methodology: Attitude, subjective norms, and purchase decision variables were analyzed through structural equation modeling (SEM) using Smart PLS software version 3.3.5. The empirical study was conducted on a sample of 654 respondents.

Findings: The results showed a positive and significant influence between consumer attitudes and online purchase decisions, which is mediated by subjective norms.Practical

Implications: It is recommended that marketing managers create an appropriate environment, designing strategies that take into account the influence exerted by subjective norms, thereby promoting the purchase intention towards the final decision.

Originality: This research proposed a model that incorporates subjective norms as a mediating and fundamental variable that the consumer takes into account when making online purchase decisions, a situation that has not been considered before.

Keywords Attitude subjective norms purchase decision behavior friends groups of reference
How to Cite

Patricia Pilar Zirena-Bejarano, Elbia Myreyle Chávez Zirena (2023). Mediating Effect of Subjective Norms in the Relationship Between Attitude and Online Purchase Decision. Indian Journal of Marketing, 53(7), 30–45. https://doi.org/10.17010/ijom/2023/v53/i7/170032

References
  1. Abdelkhair, F. Y., Babekir, M. Y., Mudawi, S. S., & Al. Abiad, A. B. (2023). Sales promotion and impulse buying behavior towards consumer goods: The mediating role of purchase intention. Indian Journal of Marketing, 53(2), 26–42. https://doi.org/10.17010/ijom/2023/v53/i2/172631
  2. Acevedo, I., Castellani, F., Lotti, G., & Székely, M. (2021). Informality in the time of COVID-19 in Latin America: Implications and policy options. PLoS ONE, 16(12), e0261277. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261277
  3. Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
  4. Ajzen, I. (2011). The theory of planned behaviour: Reactions and reflections. Psychology & Health, 26(9), 1113–1127. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2011.613995
  5. Ajzen, I. (2020). The theory of planned behavior: Frequently asked questions. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2(4), 314–324. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.195
  6. Akpoyomare, O. B., Adeosun, L. P., & Ganiyu, R. A. (2012). The influence of product attributes on consumer purchase decision in the Nigerian food and beverages industry: A study of Lagos Metropolis. American Journal of Business and Management, 1(4), 196–201. https://doi.org/10.11634/216796061706211
  7. Al-Nahdi, T. S. (2015). Purchasing housing in Saudi Arabia: A behavioral study. Journal of Applied Science and Agriculture, 10(2), 12–21. http://www.aensiweb.com/old/jasa/rjfh/2015/Feb 2015/12-21.pdf
  8. Al-Swidi, A., Mohammed Rafiul Huque, S., Haroon Hafeez, M., & Noor Mohd Shariff, M. (2014). The role of subjective norms in theory of planned behavior in the context of organic food consumption. British Food Journal, 116(10), 1561–1580. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-05-2013-0105
  9. Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173–1182. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173
  10. Brand, C., Schwanen, T., & Anable, J. (2020). ‘Online Omnivores’ or ‘Willing but struggling’? Identifying online grocery shopping behavior segments using attitude theory. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 57, 102195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102195
  11. Bulsara, H. P., & Vaghela, P. S. (2022). Millennials’ online purchase intention towards consumer electronics: Empirical evidence from India. Indian Journal of Marketing, 52(2), 53–70. https://doi.org/10.17010/IJOM/2022/V52/I2/168154
  12. Cetin, G., & Bilgihan, A. (2016). Components of cultural tourists’ experiences in destinations. Current Issues in Tourism, 19(2), 137–154. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2014.994595
  13. Chang, M. K., Cheung, W., & Lai, V. S. (2005). Literature derived reference models for the adoption of online shopping. Information & Management, 42(4), 543–559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2004.02.006
  14. Chávez Zirena, E. M., Cruz Rojas, G., Zirena Bejarano, P. P., & De la Gala, B. R. (2020). Social media influencer: Influence in the buying decision of millennial consumers, Arequipa, Perú. Revista Venezolana de Gerencia, 25(3), 299–315. https://doi.org/10.37960/rvg.v25i3.33370
  15. Cheah, J.-H., Lim, X.-J., Ting, H., Liu, Y., & Quach, S. (2022). Are privacy concerns still relevant? Revisiting consumer behaviour in omnichannel retailing. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 65, 102242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102242
  16. Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modelling. In G. A. Marcoulides (ed.), Modern methods for business research (pp. 295–336). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1998-07269-010
  17. Clow, K. E., & Baack, D. (2005). Advertising appeals. In, Concise encyclopedia of advertising. The Haworth Press.
  18. Corneille, O., & Stahl, C. (2019). Associative attitude learning: A closer look at evidence and how it relates to attitude models. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 23(2), 161-189. https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868318763261
  19. Davison, A. C., & Hinkley, D. V. (1997). Bootstrap methods and their application (Cambridge series in statistical and probabilistic mathematics). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511802843
  20. Dey, T., & Sharma, L. S. (2019). Determinants of purchasing selected FMCG products in India: Evidence from Agartala city. Indian Journal of Marketing, 49(10), 42–57. https://doi.org/10.17010/ijom/2019/v49/i10/147564
  21. Fernandes, S., Venkatesh, V. G., Panda, R., & Shi, Y. (2021). Measurement of factors influencing online shopper buying decisions: A scale development and validation. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 59, 102394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102394
  22. Fishbein, M. (1963). An investigation of the relationships between beliefs about an object and the attitude toward that object. Human Relations, 16(3), 233–239. https://doi.org/10.1177/001872676301600302
  23. Guru, S., Bhatt, N., & Agrawal, N. (2021). Prioritization of dimensions of online trust using analytical hierarchy approach. Indian Journal of Marketing, 51(5–7), 81–92. https://doi.org/10.17010/IJOM/2021/V51/I5-7/163886
  24. Hair Jr., J. F., Hult, G. T., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Castillo Apraiz, J., Cepeda Carrión, G. A., & Roldán, J. L. (2019). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) handbook (2nd edition). Omnia Science Scholar. https://doi.org/10.3926/OSS.37
  25. Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203
  26. Han, Y. (2022). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on China’s economic structure: An input–output approach. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 63(July), 181–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strueco.2022.09.014
  27. Hasbullah, N. A., Osman, A., Abdullah, S., Salahuddin, S. N., Ramlee, N. F., & Soha, H. M. (2016). The relationship of attitude, subjective norm and website usability on consumer intention to purchase online: An evidence of Malaysian Youth. Procedia Economics and Finance, 35, 493–502. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(16)00061-7
  28. Hebbar, S., Kamath, G. B., Mathew, A. O., & Kamath, V. (2020). Attitude towards online shopping and its influence on purchase intentions: An urban Indian perspective. International Journal of Business Innovation and Research, 22(3), 326–341. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBIR.2020.107961
  29. Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
  30. Hu, H.-F., & Krishen, A. S. (2019). When is enough, enough? Investigating product reviews and information overload from a consumer empowerment perspective. Journal of Business Research, 100, 27–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.03.011
  31. Islam, H., Jebarajakirthy, C., & Shankar, A. (2021). An experimental based investigation into the effects of website interactivity on customer behavior in on-line purchase context. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 29(2), 117–140. https://doi.org/10.1080/0965254X.2019.1637923
  32. Jain, S. (2020). Assessing the moderating effect of subjective norm on luxury purchase intention: A study of Gen Y consumers in India. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 48(5), 517–536. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJRDM-02-2019-0042
  33. Janmaimool, P. (2017). The role of descriptive social norms, organisational norms and personal norms in explaining solid waste management behaviours in workplaces. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 30(2), 184–198. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOCM-12-2016-0265
  34. Karimi, S., Holland, C. P., & Papamichail, K. N. (2018). The impact of consumer archetypes on online purchase decision-making processes and outcomes: A behavioural process perspective. Journal of Business Research, 91, 71–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.05.038
  35. Kotler, P., & Armstrong, G. (2017). Fundamentals of Marketing. Pearson.
  36. Kovacs, I., & Keresztes, E. R. (2022). Perceived consumer effectiveness and willingness to pay for credence product attributes of sustainable foods. Sustainability, 14(7), 4338. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14074338
  37. La Barbera, F., & Ajzen, I. (2020). Control interactions in the theory of planned behavior: Rethinking the role of the subjective norm. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 16(3), 401-417. https://doi.org/10.5964/ejop.v16i3.2056
  38. Linge, A., Singh, M., Kakde, B., & Punjani, K. K. (2022). Application of the theory of planned behaviour to predict college students’ online purchase intention: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Indian Journal of Marketing, 52(12), 39–57. https://doi.org/10.17010/ijom/2022/V52/I12/172561
  39. Lopez Salazar, G. L. (2019). Factors influencing the purchase of organic food in Mexico. A mixed analysis. Small Business International Review, 3(2), 69–85. https://doi.org/10.26784/sbir.v3i2.210
  40. Makhitha, K. M., & Ngobeni, K. M. (2021). The impact of risk factors on South African consumers’ attitude towards online shopping. Acta Commercii, 21(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.4102/ac.v21i1.922
  41. Maloney, M. P., Ward, M. P., & Braucht, G. N. (1975). A revised scale for the measurement of ecological attitudes and knowledge. American Psychologist, 30(7), 787–790. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/h0084394
  42. Nandi, S., & Singh, S. (2021). Young adults’ engagement with Facebook advertisements: An exploratory study using theory of planned behaviour. Indian Journal of Marketing, 51(2), 9–28. https://doi.org/10.17010/ijom/2021/v51/i2/157548
  43. Noor, N. M., Noranee, S., Zakaria, M. F., Unin, N., & Suaee, M. A. (2020). Online shopping: The influence of attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control on purchase intention. In, ICEBA 2020: Proceedings of the 2020 The 6th International Conference on EBusiness and Applications (pp. 33–36). https://doi.org/10.1145/3387263.3387266
  44. Putri, D. L., Nurmansyah, N., Aznuryandi, A., Sunarsi, D., & Arianto, N. (2022). Factors that influence on online purchase decisions. Kontigensi: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, 10(2), 312-319. https://doi.org/10.56457/jimk.v10i2.292
  45. Racherla, P., Mandviwalla, M., & Connolly, D. J. (2012). Factors affecting consumers’ trust in online product reviews. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 11(2), 94–104. https://doi.org/10.1002/cb.385
  46. Saribut, S. (2022). Moderating effects of Generation Y’s online-to-offline e-commerce (O2O e-commerce) shopping experience. Indian Journal of Marketing, 52(8), 8–25. https://doi.org/10.17010/IJOM/2022/V52/I8/171221
  47. Schiffman, L. G., Kanuk, L. L., & Brewer, S. W. (2014). Consumer behaviour: Global and Southern African perspectives. Pearson.
  48. Solomon, M. R., Marshall, G. W., & Stuart, E. W. (2019). Marketing: Real people, choices (11th ed.). Pearson.
  49. Tata, S. V., Prashar, S., & Gupta, S. (2020). An examination of the role of review valence and review source in varying consumption contexts on purchase decision. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 52, 101734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.01.003
  50. Thomas, M. R., & Mathew, J. (2021). Attitude of generations : Does it matter online ? Indian Journal of Marketing, 51(4), 44–57. https://doi.org/10.17010/IJOM/2021/V51/I4/158470
  51. Wang, E., & Chou, C.-F. (2021). Norms, consumer social responsibility and fair trade product purchase intention. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 49(1), 23–39. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJRDM-09-2019-0305
  52. Yang, J.-J., & Ahn, S.-C. (2020). The effects of attitude, subjective norm, and behavioral intention on perceived values in traditional marketplaces. Journal of Distribution Science, 18(10), 25–38. https://doi.org/10.15722/jds.18.10.202010.25
  53. Zhou, L., Dai, L., & Zhang, D. (2007). Online shopping acceptance model — A critical survey of consumer factors in online shopping. Journal of Electronic Commerce Research, 8(1), 41–62. https://asset-pdf.scinapse.io/prod/2150312165/2150312165.pdf
  54. Zirena-Bejarano, P., Chavez Zirena, E. M., & De La Gala Velasquez, B. (2023). Indirect determinants of online purchase decisions: A case study of different generations in Peru. Innovative Marketing, 19(1), 151–161. https://doi.org/10.21511/im.19(1).2023.13
Editorial Scholar

Submit your Research to IJM

Submit your Manuscript → Author Guidelines