New IJM now accepts submissions exclusively via the Editorial Scholar portal — a dedicated submission & review system.
Go to Editorial Scholar →
Associated Management Consultants Pvt. Ltd. | COPE Member · ID: JM07589
Scopus Q3 UGC-CARE ABDC: C |
Indian Journal of Marketing logo

Indian Journal of Marketing

ISSN: 0973-8703 Frequency: Monthly Peer Review: Double-blind Published since: 1968 Language: English
A publication of AMCPL
amcon.co.in
New Delhi, India
Indexed in: Scopus Q3 UGC-CARE Group II ABDC: C Google Scholar J-Gate NAAS NISCAIR Crossref

Original Article

Open Access Original Article

The Nexus of Corporate Social Responsibility and Consumer Perception : Systematic Review of the Evidence

Swapna Shetty1Molly Sanjay Chaudhuri2Ankitha Shetty3

1 A.J. Institute of Management, Kottara Chowki, Mangalore - 575 006, Karnataka

2 Manel Srinivas Nayak Institute of Management (MSNIM), Bondel, Mangalore - 575 008, Karnataka

3 Department of Commerce, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE) Eshwar Nagar, Manipal - 567 104, Karnataka

Volume 52
Issue 7
Pages 25–42
Year 2022
Received: May 15, 2021 Accepted: May 5, 2022 Published: July 1, 2022
Abstract

This paper aimed to facilitate researchers, academicians, and entrepreneurs to gain insights into the Asian consumer perspectives on corporate social responsibility (CSR) and its future research opportunities. The modus operandi for management review prescribed by Tranfield et al. (2003) was adopted for the present study. Since most research in this area originated from Western countries, it was pertinent to grasp the view of the consumers from the emerging economies in Asiatic countries. Further, PICO and PRISMA guidelines were considered for screening the research articles between 2010 and 2021 conducted in the Asian region. A total of 56 research papers were finalized for the study. It was found that the studies from the Asian region focused on empirical research, primarily conducted in BFSI and hospitality sectors. The orientation of people from the countries of the Asiatic region varied based on cultural and religious factors.

Keywords Corporate Social Responsibility Consumer Behavior Asia Systematic Literature Review
How to Cite

Swapna Shetty, Molly Sanjay Chaudhuri, Ankitha Shetty (2022). The Nexus of Corporate Social Responsibility and Consumer Perception : Systematic Review of the Evidence. Indian Journal of Marketing, 52(7), 25–42. https://doi.org/10.17010/ijom/2022/v52/i7/170537

References
  1. Ajina, A. S., Japutra, A., Nguyen, B., Syed Alwi, S. F., & Al-Hajla, A. H. (2019). The importance of CSR initiatives in building customer support and loyalty : Evidence from Saudi Arabia. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 31(3), 691–713. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-11-2017-0284
  2. Alawamleh, M., & Giacaman, S. (2021). Corporate social responsibility impacts on Palestinian and Jordanian consumer purchasing. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 29(4), 891–919. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-03-2020-2109
  3. Ali, I., Rehman, K. U., Yilmaz, A. K., Nazir, S., & Ali, J. F. (2010). Effects of corporate social responsibility on consumer retention in cellular industry in Pakistan. African Journal of Business Management, 4(4), 475 – 485. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJBM.9000245
  4. Anuar, M. M., & Mohamad, O. (2012). Consumer response to cause-related marketing: A case of Malaysia. Journal of Asian Business Strategy, 2(4), 71–76. https://archive.aessweb.com/index.php/5006/article/view/4024
  5. Becker-Olsen, K. L., Cudmore, B. A. & Hill, R. P. (2006). The impact of perceived corporate social responsibility on consumer behavior. Journal of Business Research, 59(1), 46–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2005.01.001
  6. Behal, V., & Gupta, M. (2022). Reporting of corporate social responsibility practices: An evidence from Indian BSE-listed companies. Prabandhan: Indian Journal of Management, 15(3), 42–58. https://doi.org/10.17010/pijom/2022/v15i3/165633
  7. Bhattacharya, C. B., & Sen, S. (2004). Doing better at doing good: When, why, and how consumers respond to corporate social initiatives. California Management Review, 47(1), 9–24. https://doi.org/10.2307/41166284
  8. Brown, T. J., & Dacin, P. A. (1997). The company and the product: Corporate associations and consumer product responses. Journal of Marketing, 61(1), 68–84. https://doi.org/10.2307/1252190
  9. Butt, I. (2016). Corporate social responsibility and consumer buying behavior in emerging market: A mixed method study. International Journal of Business and Management, 11(7), 211–222. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v11n7p211
  10. Butt, I., Mukerji, B., & Uddin, M. H. (2019). The effect of corporate social responsibility in the environment of high religiosity: An empirical study of young consumers. Social Responsibility Journal, 15(3), 333–346. https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-11-2016-0190
  11. Chang, Y.-H., & Yeh, C.-H. (2017). Corporate social responsibility and customer loyalty in intercity bus services. Transport Policy, 59, 38–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2017.07.001
  12. Cheron, E. (2010). Perception of cause-related marketing : Preliminary comparison of Western and Japanese consumers. Sophia International Review, 32, 1–17.
  13. Chomvilailuk, R., & Butcher, K. (2010). Enhancing brand preference through corporate social responsibility initiatives in the Thai banking sector. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 22(3), 397 – 418. https://doi.org/10.1108/13555851011062296
  14. Chubchuwong, M. (2019). The impact of CSR satisfaction on destination loyalty: A study of MICE travelers in Thailand. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 24(2), 168–179. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2018.1556711
  15. Dang, V. T., Nguyen, N., & Wang, J. (2020). Consumers' perceptions and responses towards online retailers' CSR. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 48(12), 1277–1299. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJRDM-10-2019-0339
  16. Engizek, N., & Yasin, B. (2017). How CSR and overall service quality lead to affective commitment: Mediating role of company reputation. Social Responsibility Journal, 13(1), 111–125. https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-09-2015-0135
  17. Fatma, M., Rahman, Z., & Khan, I. (2015). The role of CSR as a determinant of consumer responses in financial sector. Decision, 42(4), 393–401. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40622-015-0108-y
  18. Fatma, M., & Rahman, Z. (2015). Consumer perspective on CSR literature review and future research agenda. Management Research Review, 38(2), 195–216. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-09-2013-0223
  19. Fatma, M., Khan, I., & Rahman, Z. (2016a). The effect of CSR on consumer behavioral responses after service failure and recovery. European Business Review, 28(5), 583–599. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2015-0134
  20. Fatma, M., Khan, I., & Rahman, Z. (2016b). How does corporate association influence consumer brand loyalty? Mediating role of brand identification. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 25(7), 629 – 641. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBM-07-2015-0932
  21. Fatma, M., Rahman, Z., & Khan, I. (2016). Measuring consumer perception of CSR in tourism industry: Scale development and validation. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 27, 39–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2016.03.002
  22. Fatma, M., Khan, I., & Rahman, Z. (2018). CSR and consumer behavioral responses: The role of customer-company identification. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 30(2), 460–477. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-01-2017-0017
  23. Fatma, M., Ruiz, A. P., Khan, I., & Rahman, Z. (2020). The effect of CSR engagement on eWOM on social media. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 28(4), 941–956. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-10-2019-1895
  24. Goyal, P., & Chanda, U. (2017). A Bayesian network model on the association between CSR, perceived service quality and customer loyalty in Indian banking industry. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 10, 50–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2016.12.001
  25. Gupta, M., & Hodges, N. (2012). Corporate social responsibility in the apparel industry : An exploration of Indian consumers' perceptions and expectations. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 16(2), 216–233. https://doi.org/10.1108/13612021211222833
  26. Han, H., Yu, J., & Kim, W. (2019). Environmental corporate social responsibility and the strategy to boost the airline's image and customer loyalty intentions. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 36(3), 371 – 383. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2018.1557580
  27. He, H., & Li, Y. (2011). CSR and service brand: The mediating effect of brand identification and moderating effect of service quality. Journal of Business Ethics, 100, 673–688. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-010-0703-y
  28. Hong Sharon Yam, L., & Stanley Mcgreal, W. (2010). House-buyers' expectations with relation to corporate social responsibility for Malaysian housing. International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis, 3(2), 132–145. https://doi.org/10.1108/17538271011049759
  29. Huang, M.-H., Cheng, Z.-H., & Chen, I.-C. (2017). The importance of CSR in forming customer–company identification and long-term loyalty. Journal of Services Marketing, 31(1), 63–72. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSM-01-2016-0046
  30. Hur, W.-M., & Kim, Y. (2017). How does culture improve consumer engagement in CSR initiatives ? The mediating role of motivational attributions. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 24(6), 620 – 633. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1432
  31. Hur, W.-M., Moon, T.-W., & Kim, H. (2020). When does customer CSR perception lead to customer extra-role behaviors? The roles of customer spirituality and emotional brand attachment. Journal of Brand Management, 27, 421 – 437. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41262-020-00190-x
  32. Isa, S. M., Chin, P. N., & Liew, I. (2020). Exploring the role of corporate social responsibility skepticism in ethical purchase intention. Social Responsibility Journal, 16(2), 291–307. https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-01-2018-0003
  33. Islam, T., Islam, R., Pitafi, A. H., Xiaobei, L., Rehmani, M., Irfan, M., & Mubarak, M. S. (2021). The impact of corporate social responsibility on customer loyalty : The mediating role of corporate reputation, customer satisfaction, and trust. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 25, 123–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2020.07.019
  34. Jamali, D., & Karam, C. (2018). Corporate social responsibility in developing countries as an emerging field of study. International Journal of Management Reviews, 20(1), 32–61. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12112
  35. Jamali, D., & Mirshak, R. (2007). Corporate social responsibility (CSR): Theory and practice in a developing country context. Journal of Business Ethics, 72, 243–262. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-006-9168-4
  36. Jose, S., Khare, N., & Buchanan, F. R. (2015). Serving the poor : Captive market CSR and repurchase intention. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 33(3), 316–329. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-07-2014-0102
  37. Kang, B., & Sivadas, E. (2018). Corporate social responsibility and word - of - mouth intentions. Indian Journal of Marketing, 48(4), 7–20. https://doi.org/10.17010/IJOM/2018/V48/I4/122622
  38. Khan, Z., Ferguson, D., & Pérez, A. (2015). Customer responses to CSR in the Pakistani banking industry. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 33(4), 471–493. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-07-2014-0097
  39. Kim, J. (Sunny), Song, H. J., Lee, C.-K., & Lee, J. Y. (2017). The impact of four CSR dimensions on a gaming company's image and customers' revisit intentions. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 61, 73 – 81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2016.11.005
  40. KPMG. (2005). KPMG international survey of corporate responsibility reporting 2005. KPMG global sustainability services. http://www.theiafm.org/publications/243_International_Survey_Corporate_Responsibility_2005.pdf
  41. KPMG. (2013). The KPMG survey of corporate responsibility reporting. https://home.kpmg.com/be/en/home/insights/2013/12/kpmg-survey-corporateresponsibility-reporting-20 13.html
  42. Kucukusta, D., Mak, A., & Chan, X. (2013). Corporate social responsibility practices in four and five-star hotels: Perspectives from Hong Kong visitors. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 34, 19 – 30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2013.01.010
  43. Laheri, V. K. (2020). Moderating effect of facilitators and barriers for purchase of green products in India. Indian Journal of Marketing, 50(3), 7–21. https://doi.org/10.17010/ijom/2020/v50/i3/151026
  44. Lee, C.-Y., Chang, W.-C., & Lee, H.-C. (2017). An investigation of the effects of corporate social responsibility on corporate reputation and customer loyalty – Evidence from the Taiwan non-life insurance industry. Social Responsibility Journal, 13(2), 355–369. https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-01-2016-0006
  45. Lee, J., & Lee, Y. (2015). The interactions of CSR, self-congruity and purchase intention among Chinese consumers. Australasian Marketing Journal, 23(1), 19–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ausmj.2015.01.003
  46. Lee, J., & Lee, Y. (2018). Effects of multi-brand company's CSR activities on purchase intention through a mediating role of corporate image and brand image. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 22(3),387 – 403. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFMM-08-2017-0087
  47. Lee, S., Han, H., Radic, A., & Tariq, B. (2020). Corporate social responsibility (CSR) as a customer satisfaction and retention strategy in the chain restaurant sector. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 45, 348–358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2020.09.002
  48. Lii, Y.-S., & Lee, M. (2012). Doing right leads to doing well: When the type of CSR and reputation interact to affect consumer evaluations of the firm. Journal of Business Ethics, 105, 69–81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-0948-0
  49. Liu, M. T., Liu, Y., Mo, Z., Zhao, Z., & Zhu, Z. (2020). How CSR influences customer behavioural loyalty in the Chinese hotel industry. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 32(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-04-2018-0160
  50. Lu, T., Wei, X., & Li, K. (2015). Consumer responses to corporate social responsibility programs: The influence of company-cause fit and consumer involvement. Nankai Business Review International, 6(4), 364 – 380. https://doi.org/10.1108/NBRI-03-2014-0021
  51. Maignan, I., Ferrell, O. C., & Hult, G. T. M. (1999). Corporate citizenship: Cultural antecedents and business benefits. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 27, Article 455. https://doi.org/10.1177/0092070399274005
  52. Majeed, R. A., & Sriram, K. V. (2019). Determining the best advertising medium for a footwear company: A case study. Indian Journal of Marketing, 49(5), 21–32. https://doi.org/10.17010/ijom/2019/v49/i5/144022
  53. Mandhachitara, R., & Poolthong, Y. (2011). A model of customer loyalty and corporate social responsibility. Journal of Services Marketing, 25(2), 122–133. https://doi.org/10.1108/08876041111119840
  54. Master Card. (2015). Emerging markets more likely to shop ethically than developed markets (Press Release). http://news.mstr.cd/1MwUBv6
  55. Mostafa, R. B., & ElSahn, F. (2016). Exploring the mechanism of consumer responses to CSR activities of Islamic banks: The mediating role of Islamic ethics fit. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 34(6), 940 – 962. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-11-2015-0179
  56. Muflih, M. (2021). The link between corporate social responsibility and customer loyalty: Empirical evidence from the Islamic banking industry. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 61, Article 102558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2021.102558
  57. Nandan, S., & Nandan, M. (2014). Aligning core brand values (CBV) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) to enhance corporate brand equity (CBE): A non - monetary approach. Indian Journal of Marketing, 44(8), 21–31. https://doi.org/10.17010/ijom/2014/v44/i8/80126
  58. Paluri, R. A., & Mehra, S. (2018). Influence of bank's corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives on consumer attitude and satisfaction in India. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 25(5), 1429–1446. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-01-2017-0010
  59. Park, E. (2019). Corporate social responsibility as a determinant of corporate reputation in the airline industry. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 47, 215–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2018.11.013
  60. Park, E., Kim, K. J., & Kwon, S. J. (2017). Corporate social responsibility as a determinant of consumer loyalty : An examination of ethical standard, satisfaction, and trust. Journal of Business Research, 76, 8–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.02.017
  61. Pew Research Center. (2008). Unfavorable views of Jews and Muslims on the increase in Europe. https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2008/09/17/unfavorable-views-of-jews-and-muslims-on-the-increase-in-europe/
  62. Pradhan, S. (2018). Role of CSR in the consumer decision making process - The case of India. Social Responsibility Journal, 14(1), 138 – 158. https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-06-2016-0109
  63. Pratihari, S. K., & Uzma, S. H. (2018). CSR and corporate branding effect on brand loyalty: A study on Indian banking industry. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 27(1), 57–78. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBM-05-2016-1194
  64. Ramesh, G., & Peswani, S. (2017). An analytical study of corporate social responsibility spending by companies based on government of India's CSR mandate. Prabandhan: Indian Journal of Management, 10(3), 35–52. https://doi.org/10.17010/pijom/2017/v10i3/111425
  65. Ramesh, K., Saha, R., Goswami, S., Sekar, & Dahiya, R. (2019). Consumer's response to CSR activities: Mediating role of brand image and brand attitude. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 26(2), 377 – 387. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1689
  66. Rokeach, M. (1969). Part I. Value systems in religion. Review of Religious Research, 11(1), 3–23. https://doi.org/10.2307/3510550
  67. Saju, B., & Rajan, K. R. (2014). Impact of corporate social responsibility on customer loyalty and the mediating role of affective identification. Indian Journal of Marketing, 44(9), 7–19. https://doi.org/10.17010/ijom/2014/v44/i9/80119
  68. Sen Gupta, S., & Wadera, D. (2021). Impact of cause-affinity and CSR fit on consumer purchase intention. Society and Business Review, 16(1), 26–50. https://doi.org/10.1108/SBR-01-2020-0012
  69. Shankar, A., & Yadav, R. (2021). Understanding the impact of CSR domain on brand relationship quality. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 39(4), 559–573. https://doi.org/10.1108/MIP-10-2020-0442
  70. Sheikh, S., & Beise - Zee, R. (2011). Corporate social responsibility or cause-related marketing ? The role of cause specificity of CSR. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 28(1), 27–39. https://doi.org/10.1108/07363761111101921
  71. Shetty, A., & Basri, S. (2017). Sales behavioral intentions of distribution channels in the insurance industry: A systematic review. Indian Journal of Marketing, 47(12), 19–35. https://doi.org/10.17010/ijom/2017/v47/i12/119899
  72. Shetty, A., & Basri, S. (2018). Relationship orientation in banking and insurance services – A review of the evidence. Journal of Indian Business Research, 10(3), 237–255. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIBR-10-2017-0176
  73. Shetty, S., Chaudhuri, M., & Shetty, A. (2021). The influence of cause-related marketing on millennials' purchase intentions: Evidence of CSR from an emerging economy. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business, 23(2), 137–154. https://doi.org/10.22146/gamaijb.55069
  74. Singh, A., & Verma, P. (2016). Consumer psychology towards corporate social initiatives: An empirical investigation. Prabandhan: Indian Journal of Management, 9(3), 32–42. https://doi.org/10.17010/pijom/2016/v9i3/89179
  75. Singh, R., & Malla, S. S. (2017). Does corporate social responsibility matter in buying behaviour? — A study of Indian consumers. Global Business Review, 18(3), 781–794. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150917692206
  76. South Asia sluggish on CSR: ILO study. (2017, October 13). The CSR Journal. https://thecsrjournal.in/south-asia-sluggish-csr-ilo-study/
  77. Srinaruewan, P., Binney, W., & Higgins, C. (2015). Consumer reactions to corporate social responsibility (CSR) in Thailand: The moderating effect of competitive positioning. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 27(4), 628 – 652. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-10-2014-0151
  78. Su, L., Pan, Y., & Chen, X. (2017). Corporate social responsibility: Findings from the Chinese hospitality industry. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 34, 240–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2016.10.013
  79. Su, L., Swanson, S. R., & Chen, X. (2015). Social responsibility and reputation influences on the intentions of Chinese Huitang Village tourists : Mediating effects of satisfaction with lodging providers. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 27(8), 1750–1771. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-06-2014-0305
  80. Su, L., Swanson, S. R., & Hsu, M. (2018). Tourists' social responsibility perceptions of an urban destination in China: The mediating role of consumption emotions. Journal of China Tourism Research, 14(3), 310 – 333. https://doi.org/10.1080/19388160.2018.1490679
  81. Tian, Z., Wang, R., & Yang, W. (2011). Consumer responses to corporate social responsibility (CSR) in China. Journal of Business Ethics, 101, 197 – 212. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-010-0716-6
  82. Tingchi Liu, M., Anthony Wong, I., Rongwei, C., & Tseng, T.-H. (2014). Do perceived CSR initiatives enhance customer preference and loyalty in casinos? International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 26(7), 1024 – 1045. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-05-2013-0222
  83. Tingchi Liu, M., Anthony Wong, I., Shi, G., Chu, R., & Brock, J. L. (2014). The impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance and perceived brand quality on customer-based brand preference. Journal of Services Marketing, 28(3), 181–194. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSM-09-2012-0171
  84. Tranfield, D., Denyer, D., & Smart, P. (2003). Towards a methodology for developing evidence-informed management knowledge by means of systematic review. British Journal of Management, 14(3), 207 – 222. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.00375
  85. Urip, S. (2010). CSR strategies: Corporate social responsibility for a competitive edge in emerging markets. John Wiley & Sons.
  86. Wan, L. C., Poon, P. S., & Yu, C. (2016). Consumer reactions to corporate social responsibility brands: The role of face concern. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 33(1), 52–60. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCM-03-2013-0493
  87. Wang, C. - C. (2020). Corporate social responsibility on customer behaviour: The mediating role of corporate image and customer satisfaction. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 31(7 – 8), 742–760. https://doi.org/10.1080/14783363.2018.1444985
  88. Wongpitch, S., Minakan, N., Powpaka, S., & Laohavichien, T. (2016). Effect of corporate social responsibility motives on purchase intention model: An extension. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences, 37(1), 30–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kjss.2016.01.010
  89. Xu, Y. (2014). Understanding CSR from the perspective of Chinese diners: The case of McDonald's. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 26(6), 1002–1020. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-01-2013-0051
  90. Yeo, A. C.-M., Lee, S. X.-M., & Carter, S. (2018). The influence of an organisation's adopted corporate social responsibility constructs on consumers' intended buying behaviour : A Malaysian perspective. Social Responsibility Journal, 14(3), 448–468. https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-05-2016-0082
Editorial Scholar

Submit your Research to IJM

Submit your Manuscript → Author Guidelines